Are my child’s arms long enough for trombone?
Almost certainly, yes. Beginning trombonists live in the first three positions, which even short arms reach, and band directors write for exactly that while children grow into the rest. The bigger question is overall size: whether your child can comfortably hold and carry the horn at all.
On the arms: yes, the furthest slide positions are a genuine reach for a small fifth grader, and it matters less than parents fear, because beginning trombonists live almost entirely in the first three positions. Band directors know this and write for it, and children grow into the outer positions within a year or two.
We do not stock short-slide trombones, and that is deliberate: shortening the slide changes the tone, and we would rather a student learn the real instrument.
The fuller question is overall size. A trombone is a big instrument. The bell can be wider than a small child’s head, and just holding it up through a rehearsal takes real strength. A student who is truly too small isn’t just reaching for sixth position; they are fighting the whole horn, and that is how instruments get dropped and shoulders get sore. If that is your child this year, it is usually kinder to spend a year on trumpet or baritone and switch when they have grown. The buzz transfers directly, and directors make that move all the time.
If you are not sure which side of the line your child is on, bring them in. We will put a trombone in their hands and it will be obvious in two minutes.